India Strikes Pakistan in Retaliation for Kashmir Attack: Tensions Escalate Between Nuclear-Armed Neighbors

On May 7, 2025, India launched a series of air and missile strikes, dubbed “Operation Sindoor,” targeting nine locations in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir. These strikes were in response to a terrorist attack on April 22 in Pahalgam, Indian-administered Kashmir, which killed 26 civilians, including Indian and Nepali nationals. India attributed the attack to Pakistan-based militant groups, prompting the military operation aimed at dismantling terrorist infrastructure linked to groups like Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed.

Pakistan condemned the strikes as an “act of war,” reporting 26 civilian deaths and 46 injuries, and claimed that India targeted civilian areas, including mosques and residential buildings. In retaliation, Pakistan reported shooting down five Indian fighter jets, though India has not confirmed these losses. The situation has led to intense artillery exchanges along the Line of Control, resulting in additional civilian casualties on both sides.

The international community has expressed deep concern over the escalating conflict. The United Nations and countries including the United States, United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China have urged both nations to exercise restraint and avoid further military confrontation. Analysts warn that the crisis could spiral into a cycle of retaliation, recalling the major standoff in 2019 and threatening the fragile 2021 ceasefire agreement.

As the situation remains volatile, with both nations on high alert and airspace closures affecting international travel, the world watches closely, hoping for diplomatic efforts to de-escalate tensions between these two nuclear-armed neighbors.

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